Finland Chooses New President Amidst Rising Tensions with Russia

 

Finland went to the polls on January 28 to select a new President, a position that has gained significance amidst escalating tensions with Russia since the invasion of Ukraine. Although the President's authority is limited, as the head of state and supreme commander of Finland's armed forces, they play a crucial role in shaping foreign policy in collaboration with the government, with a particular focus on the evolving geopolitical landscape in Europe.

Nine candidates vied for the presidency, with two prominent figures emerging as front-runners: former conservative Prime Minister Alexander Stubb and ex-Foreign Minister Pekka Haavisto of the Green Party, running as an independent. The far-right Finns Party candidate, Jussi Halla-aho, is also considered a contender who could advance to the second round.

The polls opened at 9:00 a.m. (0700 GMT) and closed at 8:00 p.m., with voters expressing the need for a President who possesses "leadership" and "humanity," along with toughness when required.

Tensions between Moscow and Helsinki heightened following Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, leading Finland to abandon its decades-long military non-alignment and join NATO in April 2023. This shift in alliance prompted Russia, with whom Finland shares a 1,340-kilometre border, to issue warnings of "countermeasures."

In August 2023, Finland experienced an influx of migrants through its eastern border without visas, which Helsinki attributed to a hybrid attack by Moscow aimed at destabilizing the country. In response, Finland closed its eastern border in November, with candidates emphasizing the need to prioritize national security.

The presidential candidates, including Stubb and Haavisto, champion Finland's independence and its role as a NATO member. Despite having maintained positive relations with Moscow in the post-Cold War era, the candidates underscore the importance of sending a clear message to Russia regarding its actions.

Incumbent President Sauli Niinisto, stepping down after two six-year terms, transitioned from a close ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin to a vocal critic. All presidential candidates emphasize Finland's independence and its active participation in European defense and Nordic cooperation.

A poll by public broadcaster Yle showed Stubb leading in the first round with 27% of the vote, followed by Haavisto with 23% and Halla-aho with 18%. The election, characterized by candidates with similar political views, is expected to focus on their personalities, credibility, and leadership qualities.

The potential for a second voting round on February 11 exists if no candidate secures more than 50% in the initial round, with election debates likely playing a decisive role in shaping the final outcome.